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PAVEMENT PRESERVATION TREATMENT CONSTRUCTION GUIDE
CHAPTER 5: CHIP SEALS
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Chapter 5: Chip Seals: Media

Unit 1:

Aggregate is spread over binder to construct a single chip seal.

Figure 1: Single Chip Seal

Multiple chip seals have multiple layers of binder and aggregate.

Figure 2: Multliple Chip Seal

Unit 2:

No images.

Unit 3:

Average Least Dimension (ALD) showing the Aggregate Particle and Emulsion Residue

Figure 2: Illustration of ALD

Illustration of Flakiness of Aggregates

Figure 3a: Illustration of Flakiness in Aggregates

Illustration of Flakiness of Aggregates

Figure 3b: Illustration of Flakiness in Aggregates

Illustrates how roller and traffic compaction reduces voids.

Figure 4: Effects of Compaction on Voids in Cubical Aggregate

Rounded and Non-Uniform Aggregate

Figure 5: Aggregate Shape Characteristics

 

Unit 4:

A distributor applies binder to a road surface.

Figure 6a: Construction Process for Chip Seals

Aggregate is spread over the binder.

Figure 6b: Construction Process for Chip Seals

A compactor rolls over the aggregate.

Figure 6c: Construction Process for Chip Seals

Loose aggregate is swept off the roadway.

Figure 6d: Construction Process for Chip Seals

Layout of felt paper.

Figure 7: Start and Stop Passes on Roofing Felt (Transverse Joints)

A truck-mounted spray distributor.

Figure 8: Spray Distributor

Diagram of Spray Bar with Nozzle Arrangement showing Spray Bar Axis and Nozzle Angle setting, 15 to 30 Degrees

Figure 9: Spray Bar with Nozzle Arrangment

The height of a spray bar is adjusted for double or triple overlap.

Figure 10: Spray Bar Arrangements

Chip Spreader

Figure 11: Chip Spreader

Too-thick aggregate creates a lever and wedge effect.

Figure 12: Lever and Wedge Effect

Pneumatic (Rubber Tired) Roller

Figure 13: Pneumatic (Rubber Tired) Roller

Broom Process

Figure 14: Brooming Process, Shown on a Shoulder Seal

Kick Broom

Figure 15: Kick Broom

 

Unit 5:

Ball Penetrometer Test

Figure 16a: Ball Penetrometer Test

Sand Patch Test

Figure 16b: Sand Patch Test